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DBMS > Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Graphite vs. PostgreSQL vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Graphite vs. PostgreSQL vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonGraphite  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformData logging and graphing tool for time series data infoThe storage layer (fixed size database) is called WhisperWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLTransactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelKey-value store
Wide column store
Document storeTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score4.36
Rank#72  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score4.83
Rank#67  Overall
#4  Time Series DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­bigtablecloud.google.com/­datastoregithub.com/­graphite-project/­graphite-webwww.postgresql.orgtrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docscloud.google.com/­datastore/­docsgraphite.readthedocs.iowww.postgresql.org/­docstrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
DeveloperGoogleGoogleChris DavisPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerApache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release2015200820061989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2014
Current release16.3, May 20242.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languagePythonCC++, Java
Server operating systemshostedhostedLinux
Unix
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyes, details hereNumeric data onlyyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesnoyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query language (GQL)noyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
HTTP API
Sockets
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnousing Google App Enginenouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Java Stored Procedures
TriggersnoCallbacks using the Google Apps Enginenoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesMulti-source replication using PaxosnoneSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonoyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.noneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataAtomic single-row operationsACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infolockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)nofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Google Cloud BigtableGoogle Cloud DatastoreGraphitePostgreSQLTrafodion
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