DBMS > Google BigQuery vs. OceanBase vs. Stardog vs. Tkrzw

System Properties Comparison Google BigQuery vs. OceanBase vs. Stardog vs. Tkrzw

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tables

A distributed, high available RDBMS compatible with Oracle and MySQL

Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization

A concept of libraries, allowing an application program to store and query key-value pairs in a file. Successor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Key-value store

Secondary database models

Document store
Wide column store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	52.67
Rank	#19	Overall
	#13	Relational DBMS

Score	1.97
Rank	#119	Overall
	#58	Relational DBMS

Score	1.93
Rank	#121	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS
	#6	RDF stores

Score	0.00
Rank	#385	Overall
	#61	Key-value stores

Website

cloud.google.com/bigquery

en.oceanbase.com

www.stardog.com

dbmx.net/tkrzw

Technical documentation

cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs

en.oceanbase.com/docs/oceanbase-database

docs.stardog.com

Developer

Google

OceanBase

previously Alibaba and Ant Group

Stardog-Union

Mikio Hirabayashi

Initial release

2010

2020

Current release

4.3.0, April 2024

7.3.0, May 2020

0.9.3, August 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Commercial license available

commercial

60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

C++

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux

Linux
macOS
Windows

Linux
macOS

Data scheme

yes

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Import/export of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

supports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Proprietary native API
Table API

GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby

Ada

in MySQL-compatible model
C

in Oracle- and MySQL- compatible models
C++

in Oracle- and MySQL- compatible models
D

in MySQL-compatible model
Delphi

in MySQL-compatible model
Eiffel

in MySQL-compatible model
Erlang

in MySQL-compatible model
Haskell

in MySQL-compatible model
Java

in Oracle- and MySQL- compatible models
JavaScript (Node.js)

in MySQL-compatible model
Objective-C

in MySQL-compatible model
OCaml

in MySQL-compatible model
Perl

in MySQL-compatible model
PHP

in MySQL-compatible model
Python

in MySQL-compatible model
Ruby

in MySQL-compatible model
Scheme

in MySQL-compatible model
Tcl

in MySQL-compatible model

.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

C++
Java
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in JavaScript

PL/SQL in oracle-compatible mode, MySQL Stored Procedure in mysql-compatible mode

user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java

Triggers

yes

via event handlers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning (by hash, key, range, range columns, list, and list columns)

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication using Paxos

Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Since BigQuery is designed for querying data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using specific database classes

User concepts

Access control

Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level

Google Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)

Access rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

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