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DBMS > etcd vs. Google BigQuery vs. NuoDB vs. OpenMLDB vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison etcd vs. Google BigQuery vs. NuoDB vs. OpenMLDB vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Nameetcd  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle BigQuery  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonOpenMLDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed reliable key-value storeLarge scale data warehouse service with append-only tablesNuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsAn open-source machine learning database that provides a feature platform for training and inferenceWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score7.03
Rank#54  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score58.10
Rank#19  Overall
#13  Relational DBMS
Score0.94
Rank#197  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Score0.10
Rank#359  Overall
#36  Time Series DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websiteetcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
cloud.google.com/­bigquerywww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databaseopenmldb.aiwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationetcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
cloud.google.com/­bigquery/­docsdoc.nuodb.comopenmldb.ai/­docs/­zh/­mainwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperGoogleDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.4 Paradigm Inc.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release2010201320201989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release3.4, August 20192024-2 February 202416.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialcommercial infolimited edition freeOpen SourceOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoC++C++, Java, ScalaC
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
hostedhosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
LinuxFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesFixed schemayes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesnonoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesyesyesyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsgRPC
JSON over HTTP
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
SQLAlchemy
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions infoin JavaScriptJava, SQLnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersyes, watching key changesnoyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonedata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtenhorizontal partitioningpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.yes infoManaged transparently by NuoDBSource-replica replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infoSince BigQuery is designed for querying dataACID infotunable commit protocolnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoMVCCyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infoTemporary tableyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level infoGoogle Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)Standard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Usersfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
etcdGoogle BigQueryNuoDBOpenMLDBPostgreSQL
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