DBMS > Google BigQuery vs. HBase vs. Kdb vs. NebulaGraph vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison Google BigQuery vs. HBase vs. Kdb vs. NebulaGraph vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tables

Wide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTable

High performance Time Series DBMS

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Wide column store

Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

Graph DBMS

RDF store

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	60.38
Rank	#19	Overall
	#13	Relational DBMS

Score	30.50
Rank	#26	Overall
	#2	Wide column stores

Score	7.55
Rank	#53	Overall
	#3	Time Series DBMS
	#1	Vector DBMS

Score	2.14
Rank	#120	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Score	0.69
Rank	#230	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Website

cloud.google.com/bigquery

hbase.apache.org

kx.com

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

rdf4j.org

Technical documentation

cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs

hbase.apache.org/book.html

code.kx.com

docs.nebula-graph.io

rdf4j.org/documentation

Developer

Google

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Powerset

Kx Systems, a division of First Derivatives plc

Vesoft Inc.

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Initial release

2010

2008

2000

kdb was released 2000, kdb+ in 2003

2019

2004

Current release

2.3.4, January 2021

3.6, May 2018

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache version 2

commercial

free 32-bit version

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
Unix
Windows

using Cygwin

Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free, schema definition possible

yes

Strong typed schema

yes

RDF Schemas

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

options to bring your own types, AVRO

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

table attribute 'grouped'

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language (q)

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift

HTTP API
JDBC
Jupyter
Kafka
ODBC
WebSocket

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

Supported programming languages

.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

C
C#
C++
Go
J
Java
JavaScript
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Scala

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in JavaScript

yes

Coprocessors in Java

user defined functions

yes

Triggers

yes

with views

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Source-replica replication

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

similar paradigm used for internal processing

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Since BigQuery is designed for querying data

Single row ACID (across millions of columns)

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using RocksDB

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level

Google Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)

Access Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC

rights management via user accounts

Role-based access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Integrated columnar database & programming system for streaming, real time and historical...
» more

NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
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Competitive advantages

provides seamless scalability; runs on industry standard server platforms; is top-ranked...
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NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
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Typical application scenarios

tick database streaming sensor data massive intelligence applications oil and gas...
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Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
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Key customers

Goldman Sachs Morgan Stanley Merrill Lynch J.P. Morgan Deutsche Bank IEX Securities...
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Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
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Market metrics

kdb+ performance and reliability proven by our customers in critical infrastructure...
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At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
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Licensing and pricing models

upon request
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NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
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