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DBMS > Geode vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SpaceTime vs. TimescaleDB vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Geode vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SpaceTime vs. TimescaleDB vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGeode  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSpaceTime  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionGeode is a distributed data container, pooling memory, CPU, network resources, and optionally local disk across multiple processesFully managed big data interactive analytics platformSpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.A time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQLA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedSpatial DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.92
Rank#131  Overall
#23  Key-value stores
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#7  Spatial DBMS
Score4.64
Rank#71  Overall
#4  Time Series DBMS
Websitegeode.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.mireo.com/­spacetimewww.timescale.comgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationgeode.apache.org/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.timescale.com
DeveloperOriginally developed by Gemstone. They outsourced the project to Apache in 2015 but still deliver a commercial version as Gemfire.MicrosoftMireoTimescale8Kdata
Initial release20022019202020172016
Current release1.1, February 2017cloud service with continuous releases2.15.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses available as GemfirecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++CJava
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM infothe JDK (8 or later) is also requiredhostedLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data typesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnoyesno
Secondary indexesnoall fields are automatically indexednoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query language (OQL)Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetA subset of ANSI SQL is implementedyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsJava Client API
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages.Net
All JVM based languages
C++
Groovy
Java
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C#
C++
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rnouser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
Triggersyes infoCache Event Listenersyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceFixed-grid hypercubesyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributesSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Real-time block device replication (DRBD)Source-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas infoSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayes, on a single nodenonoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights per client and object definableAzure Active Directory Authenticationyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
GeodeMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSpaceTimeTimescaleDBToroDB
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