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DBMS > GeoMesa vs. GraphDB vs. Memgraph vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison GeoMesa vs. GraphDB vs. Memgraph vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGeoMesa  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonMemgraph  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionGeoMesa is a distributed spatio-temporal DBMS based on various systems as storage layer.Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.An open source graph database built for real-time streaming and compatible with Neo4jDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelSpatial DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Graph DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.86
Rank#205  Overall
#4  Spatial DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#91  Overall
#7  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score3.19
Rank#94  Overall
#8  Graph DBMS
Score76.78
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitewww.geomesa.orgwww.ontotext.commemgraph.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasevirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationwww.geomesa.org/­documentation/­stable/­user/­index.htmlgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationmemgraph.com/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMediumLinkedInTwitterFacebookGitHubDiscord
DeveloperCCRi and othersOntotextMemgraph LtdMicrosoftOpenLink Software
Initial release20142000201720101998
Current release5.0.0, May 202410.4, October 2023V127.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache License 2.0commercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedOpen Source infoBSL 1.1; commercial license for enterprise edition availablecommercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageScalaJavaC and C++C++C
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
LinuxhostedAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesschema-free and schema-optionalyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesyes
Secondary indexesyesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnostored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCnoyesyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsGeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languages.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Elixir
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnowell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityTransact SQLyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnonoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesdepending on storage layernoneSharding infodynamic graph partitioningyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesdepending on storage layerMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication using RAFTyes, with always 3 replicas availableChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemdepending on storage layerImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoConstraint checkingyes inforelationships in graphsyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACID infowith snapshot isolationACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith periodic snapshot and write-ahead logging (WAL) of changesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.depending on storage layeryesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlyes infodepending on the DBMS used for storageDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.Users, roles and permissionsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
GeoMesaGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMMemgraphMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Memgraph directly connects to your streaming infrastructure so you and your team...
» more
Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Business Source License ensures a future for the Memgraph community MAGE algorithm...
» more
Performance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Graph algorithms in bioinformatics Social network analysis Cryptocurrency network...
» more
Used for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Broad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Largest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
You can check out our pricing model and licenses on the company website .
» more
Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more
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More resources
GeoMesaGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMMemgraphMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureVirtuoso
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