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DBMS > Galaxybase vs. Lovefield vs. Tarantool vs. TiDB vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Galaxybase vs. Lovefield vs. Tarantool vs. TiDB vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGalaxybase  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonTarantool  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable, ACID-compliant native distributed parallel graph platformEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptIn-memory computing platform with a flexible data schema for efficiently building high-performance applicationsTiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.Virtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelGraph DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infowith Tarantool/GIS extensionDocument storeSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#39  Graph DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#293  Overall
#133  Relational DBMS
Score1.72
Rank#144  Overall
#25  Document stores
#25  Key-value stores
#66  Relational DBMS
Score4.66
Rank#70  Overall
#38  Relational DBMS
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitegalaxybase.comgoogle.github.io/­lovefieldwww.tarantool.iopingcap.comvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mdwww.tarantool.io/­en/­docdocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stabledocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperChuanglin(Createlink) Technology Co., Ltd 浙江创邻科技有限公司GoogleVKPingCAP, Inc.OpenLink Software
Initial release20172014200820161998
Current releaseNov 20, November 20212.1.12, February 20172.10.0, May 20228.0.0, March 20247.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSD-2, source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Tarantool EnterpriseOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageC and JavaJavaScriptC and C++Go, RustC
Server operating systemsLinuxserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariBSD
Linux
macOS
LinuxAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeStrong typed schemayesFlexible data schema: relational definition for tables with ability to store json-like documents in columnsyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesstring, double, decimal, uuid, integer, blob, boolean, datetimeyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternFull-featured ANSI SQL supportyesyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsBrowser interface
console (shell)
Graph API (Gremlin)
OpenCypher
Proprietary native API
Open binary protocolGORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
Python
JavaScriptC
C#
C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Rust
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined procedures and functionsnoLua, C and SQL stored proceduresnoyes infoVirtuoso PL
TriggersUsing read-only observersyes, before/after data modification events, on replication events, client session eventsnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding, partitioned with virtual buckets by user defined affinity key. Live resharding for scale up and scale down without maintenance downtime.horizontal partitioning (by key range)yes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneAsynchronous replication with multi-master option
Configurable replication topology (full-mesh, chain, star)
Synchronous quorum replication (with Raft)
Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.Chain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infowith TiSpark Connectoryes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyCasual consistency across sharding partitions
Eventual consistency within replicaset partition infowhen using asyncronous replication
Immediate Consistency within single instance
Sequential consistency including linearizable read within replicaset partition infowhen using Raft
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyesyesyes infofull support since version 6.6yes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID, with serializable isolation and linearizable read (within partition); Configurable MVCC (within partition); No cross-shard distributed transactionsACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, cooperative multitaskingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyes, write ahead loggingyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infousing MemoryDByes, full featured in-memory storage engine with persistencenoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlnoAccess Control Lists
Mutual TLS authentication for Tarantol Enterprise
Password based authentication
Role-based access control (RBAC) and LDAP for Tarantol Enterprise
Users and Roles
Fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
GalaxybaseLovefieldTarantoolTiDBVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsTiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more
Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantages- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
» more
Performance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosTiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
» more
Used for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBlock, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more
Broad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metrics34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
Largest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more
Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
GalaxybaseLovefieldTarantoolTiDBVirtuoso
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Data processing speed and reliability: in-memory synchronous replication
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