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DBMS > GBase vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison GBase vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TimescaleDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGBase  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWidely used RDBMS in China, including analytical, transactional, distributed transactional, and cloud-native data warehousing.Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.07
Rank#185  Overall
#86  Relational DBMS
Score3.26
Rank#92  Overall
#13  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score4.64
Rank#71  Overall
#4  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.gbase.cncloud.google.com/­bigtableazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.timescale.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.timescale.com
DeveloperGeneral Data Technology Co., Ltd.GoogleMicrosoftTimescale
Initial release2004201520192017
Current releaseGBase 8a, GBase 8s, GBase 8ccloud service with continuous releases2.15.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC, Java, PythonC
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedhostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyesyes
Secondary indexesyesnoall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLStandard with numerous extensionsnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
C API
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC#C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ruser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
Triggersyesnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioningShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDAtomic single-row operationsnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlyesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Azure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
GBaseGoogle Cloud BigtableMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerTimescaleDB
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