DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. SQLite vs. Stardog vs. Ultipa

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. SQLite vs. Stardog vs. Ultipa

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.

Description

Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.

A multi-model, scalable, distributed NoSQL database, designed to provide highly reliable, flexible, and available data management across a configurable set of storage nodes

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization

High performance Graph DBMS supporting HTAP high availability cluster deployment

Primary database model

Document store

supported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

supported via specific SQL-layer

Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Graph DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.03
Rank	#190	Overall
	#31	Document stores
	#28	Key-value stores
	#89	Relational DBMS

Score	2.95
Rank	#100	Overall
	#17	Document stores
	#17	Key-value stores
	#50	Relational DBMS

Score	114.32
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Score	2.02
Rank	#123	Overall
	#11	Graph DBMS
	#6	RDF stores

Score	0.13
Rank	#335	Overall
	#31	Graph DBMS

Website

github.com/apple/foundationdb

www.oracle.com/database/nosql/technologies/nosql

www.sqlite.org

www.stardog.com

www.ultipa.com

Technical documentation

apple.github.io/foundationdb

docs.oracle.com/en/database/other-databases/nosql-database/index.html

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

docs.stardog.com

www.ultipa.com/document

Developer

FoundationDB

Oracle

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Stardog-Union

Ultipa

Initial release

2013

2011

2000

2010

2019

Current release

6.2.28, November 2020

23.3, December 2023

3.45.3 (15 April 2024), April 2024

7.3.0, May 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Proprietary for Enterprise Edition (Oracle Database EE license has Oracle NoSQL database EE covered: details)

Open Source

Public Domain

commercial

60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
Solaris SPARC/x86

server-less

Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

some layers support schemas

Support Fixed schema and Schema-less deployment with the ability to interoperate between them.

yes

dynamic column types

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

some layers support typing

optional

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Import/export of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

supports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial

SQL

Support of SQL

supported in specific SQL layer only

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3

RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift

C
C#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

in SQL-layer only

user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java

Triggers

yes

via event handlers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Electable source-replica replication per shard. Support distributed global deployment with Multi-region table feature

none

Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Linearizable consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

depending on configuration

Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

in SQL-layer only

yes

relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

configurable

ACID within a storage node (=shard)

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

via file-system locks

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

off heap cache

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles

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