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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SAP SQL Anywhere vs. Stardog vs. TDengine

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SAP SQL Anywhere vs. Stardog vs. TDengine

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonSAP SQL Anywhere infoformerly called Adaptive Server Anywhere  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTDengine  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Microsofts flagship relational DBMSRDBMS database and synchronization technologies for server, desktop, remote office, and mobile environmentsEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationTime Series DBMS and big data platform
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Time Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score3.95
Rank#80  Overall
#42  Relational DBMS
Score2.07
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score2.68
Rank#106  Overall
#9  Time Series DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.sap.com/­products/­technology-platform/­sql-anywhere.htmlwww.stardog.comgithub.com/­taosdata/­TDengine
tdengine.com
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdblearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverhelp.sap.com/­docs/­SAP_SQL_Anywheredocs.stardog.comdocs.tdengine.com
DeveloperFoundationDBMicrosoftSAP infoformerly SybaseStardog-UnionTDEngine, previously Taos Data
Initial release20131989199220102019
Current release6.2.28, November 2020SQL Server 2022, November 202217, July 20157.3.0, May 20203.0, August 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercialcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoAGPL V3, also commercial editions available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageC++C++JavaC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesno infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialno
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlyyesyesYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL ServerStandard SQL with extensions for time-series applications
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
ADO.NET
HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlyTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javayes, in C/C++, Java, .Net or Perluser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javano
Triggersnoyesyesyes infovia event handlersyes, via alarm monitoring
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationnonenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionSource-replica replication infoDatabase mirroringMulti-source replication in HA-Clusteryes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlyyesyesyes inforelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and rolesyes
More information provided by the system vendor
FoundationDBMicrosoft SQL ServerSAP SQL Anywhere infoformerly called Adaptive Server AnywhereStardogTDengine
Specific characteristicsTDengine™ is a next generation data historian purpose-built for Industry 4.0 and...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh Performance at any Scale: TDengine is purpose-built for handling massive industrial...
» more
Typical application scenariosTDengine is designed for Industrial IoT scenarios, including: Manufacturing Connected...
» more
Market metricsTDengine has garnered over 22,500 stars on GitHub and is used in over 50 countries...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTDengine OSS is an open source, cloud native time series database. It includes built-in...
» more
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FoundationDBMicrosoft SQL ServerSAP SQL Anywhere infoformerly called Adaptive Server AnywhereStardogTDengine
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