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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. QuestDB vs. SAP HANA vs. Snowflake

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. QuestDB vs. SAP HANA vs. Snowflake

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparisonSAP HANA  Xexclude from comparisonSnowflake  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Microsofts flagship relational DBMSA high performance open source SQL database for time series dataIn-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud serviceCloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score2.52
Rank#109  Overall
#9  Time Series DBMS
Score44.69
Rank#22  Overall
#16  Relational DBMS
Score121.33
Rank#9  Overall
#6  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverquestdb.iowww.sap.com/­products/­hana.htmlwww.snowflake.com
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdblearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverquestdb.io/­docshelp.sap.com/­hanadocs.snowflake.net/­manuals/­index.html
DeveloperFoundationDBMicrosoftQuestDB Technology IncSAPSnowflake Computing Inc.
Initial release20131989201420102014
Current release6.2.28, November 2020SQL Server 2022, November 20222.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono infoalso available as a cloud based serviceyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++Java (Zero-GC), C++, Rust
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Appliance or cloud-servicehosted
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesyes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocolyesyes infosupport of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyes
Secondary indexesnoyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlyyesSQL with time-series extensionsyesyes
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
JDBC
ODBC
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlyTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) JavanoSQLScript, Ruser defined functions
Triggersnoyesnoyesno infosimilar concept for controling cloud resources
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationhorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)yesyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionSource-replica replication with eventual consistencyyesyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlyyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID for single-table writesACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infothrough memory mapped filesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication
More information provided by the system vendor
FoundationDBMicrosoft SQL ServerQuestDBSAP HANASnowflake
Specific characteristicsRelational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more
Typical application scenariosFinancial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Key customersBanks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsOpen source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
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More resources
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