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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. NebulaGraph vs. Teradata Aster vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. NebulaGraph vs. Teradata Aster vs. TinkerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Table Storage  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonTeradata Aster  Xexclude from comparisonTinkerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.Teradata Aster has been integrated into other Teradata systems and therefore will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.A Wide Column Store for rapid development using massive semi-structured datasetsA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSPlatform for big data analytics on multistructured data sources and typesA lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Wide column storeGraph DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score4.04
Rank#77  Overall
#6  Wide column stores
Score2.23
Rank#116  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score0.13
Rank#345  Overall
#35  Graph DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­storage/­tablesgithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
tinkerpop.apache.org/­docs/­current/­reference/­#tinkergraph-gremlin
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbdocs.nebula-graph.io
DeveloperFoundationDBMicrosoftVesoft Inc.Teradata
Initial release20132012201920052009
Current release6.2.28, November 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++Java
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinuxLinux
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeStrong typed schemaFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free) infodefined schema within the relational store; partial schema or schema free in the Aster File Storeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infoin Aster File Storeno
Secondary indexesnonoyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlynoSQL-like query languageyesno
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIBrowser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
C
C#
C++
Java
Python
R
Groovy
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlynouser defined functionsR packagesno
Triggersnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyes infoimplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Causal Clustering using Raft protocolyes infoDimension tables are replicated across all nodes in the cluster. The number of replicas for the file store can be configured.none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes infoSQL Map-Reduce Frameworkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationnone
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlynoyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDoptimistic lockingACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesno
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infousing RocksDByesoptional
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights based on private key authentication or shared access signaturesRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno
More information provided by the system vendor
FoundationDBMicrosoft Azure Table StorageNebulaGraphTeradata AsterTinkerGraph
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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More resources
FoundationDBMicrosoft Azure Table StorageNebulaGraphTeradata AsterTinkerGraph
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