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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Memgraph vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Memgraph vs. SQLite

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonMemgraph  Xexclude from comparisonSQLite  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.An open source graph database built for real-time streaming and compatible with Neo4jWidely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Graph DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.89
Rank#197  Overall
#32  Document stores
#29  Key-value stores
#92  Relational DBMS
Score2.54
Rank#98  Overall
#8  Graph DBMS
Score117.77
Rank#10  Overall
#7  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbmemgraph.comwww.sqlite.org
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbmemgraph.com/­docswww.sqlite.org/­docs.html
DeveloperFoundationDBMemgraph LtdDwayne Richard Hipp
Initial release201320172000
Current release6.2.28, November 20203.46.1  (13 August 2024), August 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSL 1.1; commercial license for enterprise edition availableOpen Source infoPublic Domain
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C and C++C
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Linuxserver-less
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-free and schema-optionalyes infodynamic column types
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyesyes infonot rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono
Secondary indexesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlynoyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supported
APIs and other access methodsBolt protocol
Cypher query language
ADO.NET infoinofficial driver
JDBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC infoinofficial driver
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
C
C++
Elixir
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlyno
Triggersnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infodynamic graph partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replication using RAFTnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlyyes inforelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infowith snapshot isolationACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes infovia file-system locks
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith periodic snapshot and write-ahead logging (WAL) of changesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoUsers, roles and permissionsno

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More resources
FoundationDBMemgraphSQLite
DB-Engines blog posts

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Recent citations in the news

Apple Acquires Durable Database Company FoundationDB
24 March 2015, TechCrunch

FoundationDB Record Layer: A Multi-Tenant Structured Datastore
25 July 2020, Apple Machine Learning Research

Apple-owned FoundationDB open sources the core technology at the heart of iCloud
19 April 2018, AppleInsider

FoundationDB team’s new venture, Antithesis, raises $47M to enhance software testing
13 February 2024, SiliconANGLE

IBM Cloudant pulls plan to fund new foundational layer for CouchDB
15 March 2022, theregister.com

provided by Google News

NASA jettisons Neo4j database for Memgraph citing costs
7 May 2025, theregister.com

Memgraph 3.0 Delivers Streamlined Way to Build Enterprise-Specific GenAI and Agentic AI
10 February 2025, Business Wire

This CEO Got Bill Gates’ Attention—Now He’s Fueling AI with Memgraph’s Speedy Graph Tech
9 April 2025, HackerNoon

Memgraph is Recognized as a Responsive Company in the Knowledge Graph Market by MarketsandMarkets' 360Quadrants
9 April 2025, MarketsandMarkets

Memgraph 3 Simplifies Graph Based AI Projects
11 February 2025, i-programmer.info

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Zero-latency SQLite storage in every Durable Object
26 September 2024, The Cloudflare Blog

Google’s AI Tool Big Sleep Finds Zero-Day Vulnerability in SQLite Database Engine
4 November 2024, The Hacker News

SQLite re-implemented in Rust to achieve asynchronous I/O and other changes
12 December 2024, devclass

How to install SQLite on Windows
20 October 2024, theserverside.com

Google Says Its AI Found SQLite Vulnerability That Fuzzing Missed
4 November 2024, SecurityWeek

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