DBMS > FoundationDB vs. LeanXcale vs. NebulaGraph vs. Realm vs. Riak KV

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. LeanXcale vs. NebulaGraph vs. Realm vs. Riak KV

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.

Description

Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.

A highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilities

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

A DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data

Distributed, fault tolerant key-value store

Primary database model

Document store

supported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

supported via specific SQL-layer

Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Document store

Key-value store

with links between data sets and object tags for the creation of secondary indexes

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.97
Rank	#191	Overall
	#32	Document stores
	#28	Key-value stores
	#87	Relational DBMS

Score	0.28
Rank	#286	Overall
	#41	Key-value stores
	#130	Relational DBMS

Score	1.92
Rank	#122	Overall
	#11	Graph DBMS

Score	7.18
Rank	#52	Overall
	#8	Document stores

Score	3.84
Rank	#76	Overall
	#9	Key-value stores

Website

github.com/apple/foundationdb

www.leanxcale.com

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

realm.io

Technical documentation

apple.github.io/foundationdb

docs.nebula-graph.io

realm.io/docs

www.tiot.jp/riak-docs/riak/kv/latest

Developer

FoundationDB

LeanXcale

Vesoft Inc.

Realm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019

OpenSource, formerly Basho Technologies

Initial release

2013

2015

2019

2014

2009

Current release

6.2.28, November 2020

3.2.0, December 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

Open Source

Apache version 2, commercial enterprise edition

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Erlang

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows

Linux
OS X

Data scheme

schema-free

some layers support schemas

yes

Strong typed schema

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

some layers support typing

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

yes

restricted

SQL

Support of SQL

supported in specific SQL layer only

yes

through Apache Derby

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

HTTP API
Native Erlang Interface

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift

C
Java
Scala

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

.Net
Java

with Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift

unofficial client library
C#
C++

unofficial client library
Clojure

unofficial client library
Dart

unofficial client library
Erlang
Go

unofficial client library
Groovy

unofficial client library
Haskell

unofficial client library
Java
JavaScript

unofficial client library
Lisp

unofficial client library
Perl

unofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

unofficial client library
Smalltalk

unofficial client library

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

in SQL-layer only

user defined functions

runs within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary

Erlang

Triggers

yes

Change Listeners

yes

pre-commit hooks and post-commit hooks

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

no "single point of failure"

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

none

selectable replication factor

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Linearizable consistency

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

in SQL-layer only

yes

Relationships in graphs

links between data sets can be stored

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using RocksDB

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

In-Memory realm

User concepts

Access control

Role-based access control

yes

yes, using Riak Security

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more

Competitive advantages

NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more

Key customers

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more

Market metrics

At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

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More resources

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