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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. LeanXcale vs. NebulaGraph vs. Postgres-XL vs. Tarantool

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. LeanXcale vs. NebulaGraph vs. Postgres-XL vs. Tarantool

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparisonTarantool  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.A highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSBased on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster featuresIn-memory computing platform with a flexible data schema for efficiently building high-performance applications
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Graph DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Spatial DBMS infowith Tarantool/GIS extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#291  Overall
#41  Key-value stores
#132  Relational DBMS
Score2.14
Rank#120  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score0.49
Rank#256  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Score1.72
Rank#144  Overall
#25  Document stores
#25  Key-value stores
#66  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.leanxcale.comgithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
www.postgres-xl.orgwww.tarantool.io
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbdocs.nebula-graph.iowww.postgres-xl.org/­documentationwww.tarantool.io/­en/­doc
DeveloperFoundationDBLeanXcaleVesoft Inc.VK
Initial release2013201520192014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB2008
Current release6.2.28, November 202010 R1, October 20182.10.0, May 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoMozilla public licenseOpen Source infoBSD-2, source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Tarantool Enterprise
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++CC and C++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
LinuxLinux
macOS
BSD
Linux
macOS
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesStrong typed schemayesFlexible data schema: relational definition for tables with ability to store json-like documents in columns
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyesyesstring, double, decimal, uuid, integer, blob, boolean, datetime
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionalityno
Secondary indexesnoyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlyyes infothrough Apache DerbySQL-like query languageyes infodistributed, parallel query executionFull-featured ANSI SQL support
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Open binary protocol
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C
Java
Scala
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlyuser defined functionsuser defined functionsLua, C and SQL stored procedures
Triggersnoyesyes, before/after data modification events, on replication events, client session events
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardinghorizontal partitioningSharding, partitioned with virtual buckets by user defined affinity key. Live resharding for scale up and scale down without maintenance downtime.
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesCausal Clustering using Raft protocolAsynchronous replication with multi-master option
Configurable replication topology (full-mesh, chain, star)
Synchronous quorum replication (with Raft)
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyCasual consistency across sharding partitions
Eventual consistency within replicaset partition infowhen using asyncronous replication
Immediate Consistency within single instance
Sequential consistency including linearizable read within replicaset partition infowhen using Raft
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlyyesyes infoRelationships in graphsyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID infoMVCCACID, with serializable isolation and linearizable read (within partition); Configurable MVCC (within partition); No cross-shard distributed transactions
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes, cooperative multitasking
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infousing RocksDByesyes, write ahead logging
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesnoyes, full featured in-memory storage engine with persistence
User concepts infoAccess controlnoRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess Control Lists
Mutual TLS authentication for Tarantol Enterprise
Password based authentication
Role-based access control (RBAC) and LDAP for Tarantol Enterprise
Users and Roles
More information provided by the system vendor
FoundationDBLeanXcaleNebulaGraphPostgres-XLTarantool
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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More resources
FoundationDBLeanXcaleNebulaGraphPostgres-XLTarantool
DB-Engines blog posts

Data processing speed and reliability: in-memory synchronous replication
9 November 2021,  Vladimir Perepelytsya, Tarantool (sponsor) 

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