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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Kingbase vs. LevelDB vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Kingbase vs. LevelDB vs. TimescaleDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonKingbase  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.An enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with PostgreSQL and Oracle and widely used in China.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSKey-value storeTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score0.50
Rank#257  Overall
#119  Relational DBMS
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score4.46
Rank#71  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.kingbase.com.cngithub.com/­google/­leveldbwww.timescale.com
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddocs.timescale.com
DeveloperFoundationDBBeiJing KINGBASE Information technologies inc.GoogleTimescale
Initial release2013199920112017
Current release6.2.28, November 2020V8.0, August 20211.23, February 20212.15.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C and JavaC++C
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyesnonumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyes
Secondary indexesnoyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlyStandard with numerous extensionsnoyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
gokb
JDBC
kdbndp
ODBC
PDI
PDO
Pro*C
psycopg2
QT
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlyuser defined functionsnouser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
Triggersnoyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioningnoneyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyesnoneSource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlyyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
FoundationDBKingbaseLevelDBTimescaleDB
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