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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. KeyDB vs. Microsoft Access vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. KeyDB vs. Microsoft Access vs. Virtuoso

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonKeyDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Access  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.An ultra-fast, open source Key-value store fully compatible with Redis API, modules, and protocolsMicrosoft Access combines a backend RDBMS (JET / ACE Engine) with a GUI frontend for data manipulation and queries. infoThe Access frontend is often used for accessing other datasources (DBMS, Excel, etc.)Virtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Key-value storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.97
Rank#191  Overall
#32  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#87  Relational DBMS
Score0.63
Rank#232  Overall
#32  Key-value stores
Score93.76
Rank#12  Overall
#8  Relational DBMS
Score3.99
Rank#75  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#40  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbgithub.com/­Snapchat/­KeyDB
keydb.dev
www.microsoft.com/­en-us/­microsoft-365/­accessvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbdocs.keydb.devdeveloper.microsoft.com/­en-us/­accessdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperFoundationDBEQ Alpha Technology Ltd.MicrosoftOpenLink Software
Initial release2013201919921998
Current release6.2.28, November 20201902 (16.0.11328.20222), March 20197.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSD-3commercial infoBundled with Microsoft OfficeOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++C++C
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
LinuxWindows infoNot a real database server, but making use of DLLsAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingpartial infoSupported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes
Secondary indexesnoyes infoby using the Redis Search moduleyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlynoyes infobut not compliant to any SQL standardyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoRESP - REdis Serialization ProtocoADO.NET
DAO
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Crystal
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Fancy
Go
Haskell
Haxe
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Pascal
Perl
PHP
Prolog
Pure Data
Python
R
Rebol
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Swift
Tcl
Visual Basic
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
VBA
Visual Basic.NET
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlyLuayes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnonoyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnoneyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
noneChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyEventual Consistency
Strong eventual consistency with CRDTs
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlynoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDOptimistic locking, atomic execution of commands blocks and scriptsACID infobut no files for transaction loggingACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infoConfigurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logsyes infobut no files for transaction loggingyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnosimple password-based access control and ACLno infoa simple user-level security was built in till version Access 2003Fine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
FoundationDBKeyDBMicrosoft AccessVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
FoundationDBKeyDBMicrosoft AccessVirtuoso
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