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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Ignite vs. KairosDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Ignite vs. KairosDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. VoltDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonIgnite  Xexclude from comparisonKairosDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonVoltDB  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Apache Ignite is a memory-centric distributed database, caching, and processing platform for transactional, analytical, and streaming workloads, delivering in-memory speeds at petabyte scale.Distributed Time Series DBMS based on Cassandra or H2Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformDistributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS infoUsed for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score3.16
Rank#96  Overall
#15  Key-value stores
#49  Relational DBMS
Score0.62
Rank#239  Overall
#20  Time Series DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score1.44
Rank#158  Overall
#73  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbignite.apache.orggithub.com/­kairosdb/­kairosdbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.voltdb.com
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbapacheignite.readme.io/­docskairosdb.github.iodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.voltdb.com
DeveloperFoundationDBApache Software FoundationMicrosoftVoltDB Inc.
Initial release20132015201320192010
Current release6.2.28, November 2020Apache Ignite 2.61.2.2, November 2018cloud service with continuous releases11.3, April 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoAGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++, Java, .NetJavaJava, C++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X infofor development
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyes
Secondary indexesnoyesnoall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlyANSI-99 for query and DML statements, subset of DDLnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes infoonly a subset of SQL 99
APIs and other access methodsHDFS API
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data
Graphite protocol
HTTP REST
Telnet API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C#
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C#
C++
Erlang infonot officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlyyes (compute grid and cache interceptors can be used instead)noYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RJava
Triggersnoyes (cache interceptors and events)noyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infobased on CassandraSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyes (replicated cache)selectable replication factor infobased on Cassandrayes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes (compute grid and hadoop accelerator)noSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlynononono infoFOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnonoACID infoTransactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infoData access is serialized by the server
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoSnapshots and command logging
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlnoSecurity Hooks for custom implementationssimple password-based access controlAzure Active Directory AuthenticationUsers and roles with access to stored procedures

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More resources
FoundationDBIgniteKairosDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerVoltDB
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