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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Heroic vs. HyperSQL vs. Milvus vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Heroic vs. HyperSQL vs. Milvus vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonHeroic  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Time Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearchMultithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Time Series DBMSRelational DBMSVector DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score0.51
Rank#255  Overall
#21  Time Series DBMS
Score3.49
Rank#87  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
Score2.31
Rank#113  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbgithub.com/­spotify/­heroichsqldb.orgmilvus.iowww.stardog.com
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbspotify.github.io/­heroichsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmlmilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mddocs.stardog.com
DeveloperFoundationDBSpotifyStardog-Union
Initial release20132014200120192010
Current release6.2.28, November 20202.7.2, June 20232.3.4, January 20247.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infobased on BSD licenseOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus
Implementation languageC++JavaJavaC++, GoJava
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesLinux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyesyesVector, Numeric and Stringyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesnoyes infovia Elasticsearchyesnoyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlynoyesnoYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsHQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP APIGraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlynoJava, SQLnouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersnonoyesnoyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnoneShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyesnoneMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlynoyesnoyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole based access control and fine grained access rightsAccess rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
FoundationDBHeroicHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBMilvusStardog
Specific characteristicsMilvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
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Competitive advantagesHighly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
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Typical application scenariosRAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
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Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
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Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
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Licensing and pricing modelsMilvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
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More resources
FoundationDBHeroicHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBMilvusStardog
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