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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OpenMLDB vs. Postgres-XL

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OpenMLDB vs. Postgres-XL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonHawkular Metrics  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonOpenMLDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Hawkular metrics is the metric storage of the Red Hat sponsored Hawkular monitoring system. It is based on Cassandra.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformAn open-source machine learning database that provides a feature platform for training and inferenceBased on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Time Series DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#379  Overall
#40  Time Series DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score0.02
Rank#367  Overall
#37  Time Series DBMS
Score0.49
Rank#256  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.hawkular.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-exploreropenmldb.aiwww.postgres-xl.org
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbwww.hawkular.org/­hawkular-metrics/­docs/­user-guidedocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-exploreropenmldb.ai/­docs/­zh/­mainwww.postgres-xl.org/­documentation
DeveloperFoundationDBCommunity supported by Red HatMicrosoft4 Paradigm Inc.
Initial release20132014201920202014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB
Current release6.2.28, November 2020cloud service with continuous releases2024-2 February 202410 R1, October 2018
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen SourceOpen Source infoMozilla public license
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaC++, Java, ScalaC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinuxLinux
macOS
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)Fixed schemayes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnoyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionality
Secondary indexesnonoall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlynoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesyes infodistributed, parallel query execution
APIs and other access methodsHTTP RESTMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
SQLAlchemy
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
Go
Java
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlynoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rnouser defined functions
Triggersnoyes infovia Hawkular Alertingyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infobased on CassandraSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioninghorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesselectable replication factor infobased on Cassandrayes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyEventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlynononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnononoACID infoMVCC
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnonoAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
FoundationDBHawkular MetricsMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerOpenMLDBPostgres-XL
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