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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. H2 vs. Realm vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. H2 vs. Realm vs. Titan

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.A DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core DataTitan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSDocument storeGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score7.60
Rank#52  Overall
#9  Document stores
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.h2database.comrealm.iogithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlrealm.io/­docsgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wiki
DeveloperFoundationDBThomas MuellerRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019Aurelius, owned by DataStax
Initial release2013200520142012
Current release6.2.28, November 20202.2.220, July 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license, version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaJava
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMAndroid
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlyyesnono
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
Java.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
Clojure
Java
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlyJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsno inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessaryyes
Triggersnoyesyes infoChange Listenersyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonenoneyes infovia pluggable storage backends
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databasenoneyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engine
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlyyesnoyes infoRelationships in graph
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infoIn-Memory realm
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

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FoundationDBH2RealmTitan
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