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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. H2 vs. HyperSQL vs. Tarantool vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. H2 vs. HyperSQL vs. Tarantool vs. Titan

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonTarantool  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBIn-memory computing platform with a flexible data schema for efficiently building high-performance applicationsTitan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSSpatial DBMS infowith Tarantool/GIS extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.07
Rank#188  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#86  Relational DBMS
Score8.22
Rank#50  Overall
#32  Relational DBMS
Score3.90
Rank#85  Overall
#46  Relational DBMS
Score1.67
Rank#150  Overall
#25  Document stores
#25  Key-value stores
#69  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.h2database.comhsqldb.orgwww.tarantool.iogithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmlwww.tarantool.io/­en/­docgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wiki
DeveloperFoundationDBThomas MuellerVKAurelius, owned by DataStax
Initial release20132005200120082012
Current release6.2.28, November 20202.2.220, July 20232.7.2, June 20232.10.0, May 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infobased on BSD licenseOpen Source infoBSD-2, source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Tarantool EnterpriseOpen Source infoApache license, version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaJavaC and C++Java
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesBSD
Linux
macOS
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesyesFlexible data schema: relational definition for tables with ability to store json-like documents in columnsyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyesyesstring, double, decimal, uuid, integer, blob, boolean, datetimeyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlyyesyesFull-featured ANSI SQL supportno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
Open binary protocolJava API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
JavaAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
C
C#
C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Rust
Clojure
Java
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlyJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsJava, SQLLua, C and SQL stored proceduresyes
Triggersnoyesyesyes, before/after data modification events, on replication events, client session eventsyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonenoneSharding, partitioned with virtual buckets by user defined affinity key. Live resharding for scale up and scale down without maintenance downtime.yes infovia pluggable storage backends
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databasenoneAsynchronous replication with multi-master option
Configurable replication topology (full-mesh, chain, star)
Synchronous quorum replication (with Raft)
yes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engine
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyCasual consistency across sharding partitions
Eventual consistency within replicaset partition infowhen using asyncronous replication
Immediate Consistency within single instance
Sequential consistency including linearizable read within replicaset partition infowhen using Raft
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlyyesyesyesyes infoRelationships in graph
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID, with serializable isolation and linearizable read (within partition); Configurable MVCC (within partition); No cross-shard distributed transactionsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes, cooperative multitaskingyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes, write ahead loggingyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes, full featured in-memory storage engine with persistence
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess Control Lists
Mutual TLS authentication for Tarantol Enterprise
Password based authentication
Role-based access control (RBAC) and LDAP for Tarantol Enterprise
Users and Roles
User authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

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More resources
FoundationDBH2HyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBTarantoolTitan
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