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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. GreptimeDB vs. H2 vs. HyperSQL vs. LMDB

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. GreptimeDB vs. H2 vs. HyperSQL vs. LMDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGreptimeDB  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonLMDB  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.An open source Time Series DBMS built for increased scalability, high performance and efficiencyFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBA high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database library
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Time Series DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score0.06
Rank#352  Overall
#33  Time Series DBMS
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score3.49
Rank#87  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
Score1.99
Rank#125  Overall
#21  Key-value stores
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbgreptime.comwww.h2database.comhsqldb.orgwww.symas.com/­symas-embedded-database-lmdb
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbdocs.greptime.comwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmlwww.lmdb.tech/­doc
DeveloperFoundationDBGreptime Inc.Thomas MuellerSymas
Initial release20132022200520012011
Current release6.2.28, November 20202.2.220, July 20232.7.2, June 20230.9.32, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infobased on BSD licenseOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++RustJavaJavaC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Android
Docker
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Windows
All OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesLinux
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-free, schema definition possibleyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlyyesyesyesno
APIs and other access methodsgRPC
HTTP API
JDBC
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlyPythonJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsJava, SQLno
Triggersnoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnonenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databasenonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlyyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoSimple rights management via user accountsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno
More information provided by the system vendor
FoundationDBGreptimeDBH2HyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBLMDB
Specific characteristicsGreptimeDB is a SQL & Python-enabled timeseries database system built from scratch...
» more
Competitive advantages- Inherits advantages of Rust, such as excellent performance, memory safe, resource...
» more
Typical application scenariosFor IoT industries, GreptimeDB can seamless integrate with message queues and other...
» more
Key customersGreptime's clients span multiple sectors including IoT, connected vehicles, and energy...
» more
Market metricsGreptimeDB has garnered global recognition by topping GitHub trends following its...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGreptimeDB: open source, distributed, cloud-native TSDB; supports Hybrid Time-series...
» more

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More resources
FoundationDBGreptimeDBH2HyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBLMDB
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