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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Graph Engine vs. JanusGraph vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Graph Engine vs. JanusGraph vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. TinkerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonJanusGraph infosuccessor of Titan  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonTinkerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.A distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineA Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters infoIt was forked from the latest code base of Titan in January 2017Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerA lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Graph DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score0.61
Rank#240  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#35  Key-value stores
Score1.94
Rank#129  Overall
#12  Graph DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#348  Overall
#35  Graph DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.graphengine.iojanusgraph.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticstinkerpop.apache.org/­docs/­current/­reference/­#tinkergraph-gremlin
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbwww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualdocs.janusgraph.orgdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analytics
DeveloperFoundationDBMicrosoftLinux Foundation; originally developed as Titan by AureliusMicrosoft
Initial release20132010201720162009
Current release6.2.28, November 20200.6.3, February 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++.NET and CJavaC++Java
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
.NETLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
hosted
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlynonoyesno
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIJava API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
Clojure
Java
Python
C#
Java
PHP
Groovy
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlyyesyesTransact SQLno
Triggersnonoyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioningyes infodepending on the used storage backend (e.g. Cassandra, HBase, BerkeleyDB)Sharding, horizontal partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyesyesnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics enginenono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlynoyes infoRelationships in graphsno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesno
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcastyesoptional
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Serveryesno

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More resources
FoundationDBGraph Engine infoformer name: TrinityJanusGraph infosuccessor of TitanMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseTinkerGraph
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