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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Access vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Access vs. ToroDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Access  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Microsoft Access combines a backend RDBMS (JET / ACE Engine) with a GUI frontend for data manipulation and queries. infoThe Access frontend is often used for accessing other datasources (DBMS, Excel, etc.)A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.97
Rank#191  Overall
#32  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#87  Relational DBMS
Score2.69
Rank#101  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score93.76
Rank#12  Overall
#8  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­microsoft-365/­accessgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdeveloper.microsoft.com/­en-us/­access
DeveloperFoundationDBGoogleMicrosoft8Kdata
Initial release2013201719922016
Current release6.2.28, November 20201902 (16.0.11328.20222), March 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial infoBundled with Microsoft OfficeOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++Java
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedWindows infoNot a real database server, but making use of DLLsAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono
Secondary indexesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlyyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yes infobut not compliant to any SQL standard
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
DAO
ODBC
OLE DB
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
VBA
Visual Basic.NET
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlynoyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engine
Triggersnonoyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.noneSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlyyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationACID infobut no files for transaction loggingno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infobut no files for transaction loggingyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)no infoa simple user-level security was built in till version Access 2003Access rights for users and roles

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More resources
FoundationDBGoogle Cloud SpannerMicrosoft AccessToroDB
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