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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Oracle Rdb vs. PostGIS

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Oracle Rdb vs. PostGIS

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Cloudant  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Rdb  Xexclude from comparisonPostGIS  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Database as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDBSpatial extension of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSSpatial DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score2.68
Rank#106  Overall
#20  Document stores
Score1.08
Rank#184  Overall
#85  Relational DBMS
Score22.69
Rank#29  Overall
#1  Spatial DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.ibm.com/­products/­cloudantwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb.htmlpostgis.net
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docscloud.ibm.com/­docs/­Cloudantwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb-doc.htmlpostgis.net/­documentation
DeveloperFoundationDBGoogleIBM, Apache Software Foundation infoIBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014Oracle, originally developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)
Initial release20132017201019842005
Current release6.2.28, November 20207.4.1.1, 20213.4.2, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPL v2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++ErlangC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedhostedHP Open VMS
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesschema-freeFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlyyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noyesyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlynoView functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScriptuser defined functions
Triggersnonoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingyes infobased on PostgreSQL
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes infobased on PostgreSQL
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlyyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationno infoatomic operations within a document possibleyes, on a single nodeACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoOptimistic lockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users can be defined per databaseyes infobased on PostgreSQL

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More resources
FoundationDBGoogle Cloud SpannerIBM CloudantOracle RdbPostGIS
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