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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. LevelDB vs. Splice Machine vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. LevelDB vs. Splice Machine vs. SQLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Firestore  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonSplice Machine  Xexclude from comparisonSQLite  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Cloud Firestore is an auto-scaling document database for storing, syncing, and querying data for mobile and web apps. It offers seamless integration with other Firebase and Google Cloud Platform products.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesOpen-Source SQL RDBMS for Operational and Analytical use cases with native Machine Learning, powered by Hadoop and SparkWidely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Document storeKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score7.36
Rank#53  Overall
#9  Document stores
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score0.54
Rank#252  Overall
#115  Relational DBMS
Score111.41
Rank#10  Overall
#7  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbfirebase.google.com/­products/­firestoregithub.com/­google/­leveldbsplicemachine.comwww.sqlite.org
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbfirebase.google.com/­docs/­firestoregithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdsplicemachine.com/­how-it-workswww.sqlite.org/­docs.html
DeveloperFoundationDBGoogleGoogleSplice MachineDwayne Richard Hipp
Initial release20132017201120142000
Current release6.2.28, November 20201.23, February 20213.1, March 20213.46.0  (23 May 2024), May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoAGPL 3.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoPublic Domain
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++JavaC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
server-less
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeschema-freeyesyes infodynamic column types
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyesnoyesyes infonot rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesnoyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlynonoyesyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supported
APIs and other access methodsAndroid
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
Native Spark Datasource
ODBC
ADO.NET infoinofficial driver
JDBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC infoinofficial driver
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
Python
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Scala
Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlyyes, Firebase Rules & Cloud Functionsnoyes infoJavano
Triggersnoyes, with Cloud Functionsnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnoneShared Nothhing Auto-Sharding, Columnar Partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replicationnoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoUsing Cloud DataflownoYes, via Full Spark Integrationno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlynonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyesnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes infovia file-system locks
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management. Security Rules for 3rd party authentication using Firebase Auth.noAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
FoundationDBGoogle Cloud FirestoreLevelDBSplice MachineSQLite
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