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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. H2 vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. H2 vs. Titan

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Firestore  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Cloud Firestore is an auto-scaling document database for storing, syncing, and querying data for mobile and web apps. It offers seamless integration with other Firebase and Google Cloud Platform products.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Titan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Document storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score7.85
Rank#51  Overall
#8  Document stores
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbfirebase.google.com/­products/­firestorewww.h2database.comgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbfirebase.google.com/­docs/­firestorewww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wiki
DeveloperFoundationDBGoogleThomas MuellerAurelius, owned by DataStax
Initial release2013201720052012
Current release6.2.28, November 20202.2.220, July 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoApache license, version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaJava
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlynoyesno
APIs and other access methodsAndroid
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
Python
JavaClojure
Java
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlyyes, Firebase Rules & Cloud FunctionsJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsyes
Triggersnoyes, with Cloud Functionsyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnoneyes infovia pluggable storage backends
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replicationWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoUsing Cloud Dataflownoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engine
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlynoyesyes infoRelationships in graph
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyesACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management. Security Rules for 3rd party authentication using Firebase Auth.fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

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More resources
FoundationDBGoogle Cloud FirestoreH2Titan
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