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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. NebulaGraph vs. ReductStore

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. NebulaGraph vs. ReductStore

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonReductStore  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSDesigned to manage unstructured time-series data efficiently, providing unique features such as storing time-stamped blobs with labels, customizable data retention policies, and a straightforward FIFO quota system.
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Document storeGraph DBMSTime Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score4.36
Rank#72  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score2.23
Rank#116  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score0.05
Rank#384  Overall
#44  Time Series DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­datastoregithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
github.com/­reductstore
www.reduct.store
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docsdocs.nebula-graph.iowww.reduct.store/­docs
DeveloperFoundationDBGoogleVesoft Inc.ReductStore LLC
Initial release2013200820192023
Current release6.2.28, November 20201.9, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoBusiness Source License 1.1
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++C++, Rust
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinuxDocker
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeStrong typed schema
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyes, details hereyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono
Secondary indexesnoyesyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlySQL-like query language (GQL)SQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
HTTP API
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
C++
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlyusing Google App Engineuser defined functions
TriggersnoCallbacks using the Google Apps Engine
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replication using PaxosCausal Clustering using Raft protocol
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlyyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infousing RocksDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Role-based access control
More information provided by the system vendor
FoundationDBGoogle Cloud DatastoreNebulaGraphReductStore
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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More resources
FoundationDBGoogle Cloud DatastoreNebulaGraphReductStore
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