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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. H2 vs. YottaDB vs. YugabyteDB

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. H2 vs. YottaDB vs. YugabyteDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonYottaDB  Xexclude from comparisonYugabyteDB  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.A fast and solid embedded Key-value storeHigh-performance distributed SQL database for global, internet-scale applications. Wire and feature compatible with PostgreSQL.
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Document storeRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSRelational DBMS infousing the Octo pluginDocument store
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score4.36
Rank#72  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score0.28
Rank#306  Overall
#44  Key-value stores
Score2.63
Rank#109  Overall
#53  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­datastorewww.h2database.comyottadb.comwww.yugabyte.com
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docswww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlyottadb.com/­resources/­documentationdocs.yugabyte.com
github.com/­yugabyte/­yugabyte-db
DeveloperFoundationDBGoogleThomas MuellerYottaDB, LLCYugabyte Inc.
Initial release20132008200520012017
Current release6.2.28, November 20202.2.220, July 20232.19, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoAGPL 3.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
YugabyteDB Managed is the fully managed database-as-a-service offering of YugabyteDB. Get started quickly, and effortlessly ensure continuous availability and limitless scale of your cloud native applications.
Implementation languageC++JavaCC and C++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java VMDocker
Linux
Linux
OS X
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeyesschema-freedepending on used data model
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyes, details hereyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlySQL-like query language (GQL)yesby using the Octo pluginyes, PostgreSQL compatible
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol infousing the Octo plugin
Proprietary protocol
JDBC
YCQL, an SQL-based flexible-schema API with its roots in Cassandra Query Language
YSQL - a fully relational SQL API that is wire compatible with the SQL language in PostgreSQL
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaC
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lua
M
Perl
Python
Rust
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlyusing Google App EngineJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsyes infosql, plpgsql, C
TriggersnoCallbacks using the Google Apps Engineyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnoneHash and Range Sharding, row-level geo-partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replication using PaxosWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyesBased on Raft distributed consensus protocol, minimum 3 replicas for continuous availability
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate ConsistencyStrong consistency on writes and tunable consistency on reads
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlyyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACIDoptimistic lockingDistributed ACID with Serializable & Snapshot Isolation. Inspired by Google Spanner architecture.
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infobased on RocksDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers and groups based on OS-security mechanismsyes
More information provided by the system vendor
FoundationDBGoogle Cloud DatastoreH2YottaDBYugabyteDB
Specific characteristicsYugabyteDB is an open source distributed SQL database for cloud native transactional...
» more
Competitive advantagesPostgreSQL compatible: Get instantly productive with a PostgreSQL compatible RDBMS....
» more
Typical application scenariosSystems of record and engagement for cloud native applications that require resilience,...
» more
Market metrics2 Million+ lifetime clusters deployed, 6.5K+ GitHub stars, 7K YugabyteDB Community...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache 2.0 license for the database
» more

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More resources
FoundationDBGoogle Cloud DatastoreH2YottaDBYugabyteDB
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