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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. TiDB

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. TiDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Firestore  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformCloud Firestore is an auto-scaling document database for storing, syncing, and querying data for mobile and web apps. It offers seamless integration with other Firebase and Google Cloud Platform products.TiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Document storeDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score4.47
Rank#76  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score7.85
Rank#51  Overall
#8  Document stores
Score4.66
Rank#70  Overall
#38  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­datastorefirebase.google.com/­products/­firestorepingcap.com
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docsfirebase.google.com/­docs/­firestoredocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stable
DeveloperFoundationDBGoogleGooglePingCAP, Inc.
Initial release2013200820172016
Current release6.2.28, November 20208.0.0, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageC++Go, Rust
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedhostedLinux
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyes, details hereyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlySQL-like query language (GQL)noyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Android
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
Python
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlyusing Google App Engineyes, Firebase Rules & Cloud Functionsno
TriggersnoCallbacks using the Google Apps Engineyes, with Cloud Functionsno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardinghorizontal partitioning (by key range)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replication using PaxosMulti-source replicationUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud DataflowUsing Cloud Dataflowyes infowith TiSpark Connector
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlyyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsnoyes infofull support since version 6.6
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsyesACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management. Security Rules for 3rd party authentication using Firebase Auth.Fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
FoundationDBGoogle Cloud DatastoreGoogle Cloud FirestoreTiDB
Specific characteristicsTiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more
Competitive advantages- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
» more
Typical application scenariosTiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
» more
Key customersBlock, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more
Market metrics34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more

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More resources
FoundationDBGoogle Cloud DatastoreGoogle Cloud FirestoreTiDB
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