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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. H2 vs. JanusGraph

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. H2 vs. JanusGraph

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonJanusGraph infosuccessor of Titan  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.A Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters infoIt was forked from the latest code base of Titan in January 2017
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.07
Rank#188  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#86  Relational DBMS
Score3.58
Rank#92  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score8.22
Rank#50  Overall
#32  Relational DBMS
Score1.91
Rank#135  Overall
#12  Graph DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­bigtablewww.h2database.comjanusgraph.org
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docswww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.janusgraph.org
DeveloperFoundationDBGoogleThomas MuellerLinux Foundation; originally developed as Titan by Aurelius
Initial release2013201520052017
Current release6.2.28, November 20202.2.220, July 20230.6.3, February 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaJava
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesnonoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlynoyesno
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
JavaClojure
Java
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlynoJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsyes
Triggersnonoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnoneyes infodepending on the used storage backend (e.g. Cassandra, HBase, BerkeleyDB)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engine
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlynoyesyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDAtomic single-row operationsACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

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More resources
FoundationDBGoogle Cloud BigtableH2JanusGraph infosuccessor of Titan
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