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DBMS > FoundationDB vs. GBase vs. Kdb vs. Stardog vs. TiDB

System Properties Comparison FoundationDB vs. GBase vs. Kdb vs. Stardog vs. TiDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGBase  Xexclude from comparisonKdb  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Widely used RDBMS in China, including analytical, transactional, distributed transactional, and cloud-native data warehousing.High performance Time Series DBMSEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationTiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.
Primary database modelDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score1.07
Rank#185  Overall
#86  Relational DBMS
Score7.55
Rank#53  Overall
#3  Time Series DBMS
#1  Vector DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score4.66
Rank#70  Overall
#38  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.gbase.cnkx.comwww.stardog.compingcap.com
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbcode.kx.comdocs.stardog.comdocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stable
DeveloperFoundationDBGeneral Data Technology Co., Ltd.Kx Systems, a division of First Derivatives plcStardog-UnionPingCAP, Inc.
Initial release201320042000 infokdb was released 2000, kdb+ in 200320102016
Current release6.2.28, November 2020GBase 8a, GBase 8s, GBase 8c3.6, May 20187.3.0, May 20208.0.0, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial infofree 32-bit versioncommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageC++C, Java, PythonqJavaGo, Rust
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
LinuxLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
Data schemeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infosome layers support typingyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesno infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesnoyesyes infotable attribute 'grouped'yes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlyStandard with numerous extensionsSQL-like query language (q)Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serveryes
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
C API
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP API
JDBC
Jupyter
Kafka
ODBC
WebSocket
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C#C
C#
C++
Go
J
Java
JavaScript
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlyuser defined functionsuser defined functionsuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javano
Triggersnoyesyes infowith viewsyes infovia event handlersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioninghorizontal partitioningnonehorizontal partitioning (by key range)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyesSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication in HA-ClusterUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnono infosimilar paradigm used for internal processingnoyes infowith TiSpark Connector
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-ClusterImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityin SQL-layer onlyyesyesyes inforelationships in graphsyes infofull support since version 6.6
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnoyesrights management via user accountsAccess rights for users and rolesFine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
FoundationDBGBaseKdbStardogTiDB
Specific characteristicsIntegrated columnar database & programming system for streaming, real time and historical...
» more
TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more
Competitive advantagesprovides seamless scalability; runs on industry standard server platforms; is top-ranked...
» more
- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
» more
Typical application scenariostick database streaming sensor data massive intelligence applications oil and gas...
» more
TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
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Key customersGoldman Sachs Morgan Stanley Merrill Lynch J.P. Morgan Deutsche Bank IEX Securities...
» more
Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more
Market metricskdb+ performance and reliability proven by our customers in critical infrastructure...
» more
34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsupon request
» more
TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more

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More resources
FoundationDBGBaseKdbStardogTiDB
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