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DBMS > Firebird vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Oracle vs. SAP HANA vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison Firebird vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Oracle vs. SAP HANA vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparisonSAP HANA  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseFully managed big data interactive analytics platformWidely used RDBMSIn-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud serviceIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score20.50
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score1244.08
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Score44.27
Rank#23  Overall
#16  Relational DBMS
Score1.36
Rank#161  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.firebirdsql.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.oracle.com/­databasewww.sap.com/­products/­hana.htmlwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.oracle.com/­en/­databasehelp.sap.com/­hanadocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
DeveloperFirebird FoundationMicrosoftOracleSAPOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release2000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase2019198020101998
Current release5.0.0, January 2024cloud service with continuous releases23c, September 20232.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 202311 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoInitial Developer's Public Licensecommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono infoalso available as a cloud based serviceno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC and C++C and C++
Server operating systemsAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Appliance or cloud-serviceAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columnsyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesnono
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes infowith proprietary extensionsyesyes
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresPSQLYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possibleSQLScript, RPL/SQL
Triggersyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding, horizontal partitioningyesnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
yesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno infocan be realized in PL/SQLnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACID infoisolation level can be parameterizedACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'yesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
FirebirdMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerOracleSAP HANATimesTen
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