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DBMS > Firebird vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. OrientDB

System Properties Comparison Firebird vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. OrientDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score20.50
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score27.71
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#89  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#13  Key-value stores
Websitewww.firebirdsql.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverorientdb.org
Technical documentationwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualslearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dblearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.html
DeveloperFirebird FoundationMicrosoftMicrosoftOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP
Initial release2000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase201419892010
Current release5.0.0, January 2024SQL Server 2022, November 20223.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoInitial Developer's Public Licensecommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageC and C++C++Java
Server operating systemsAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
hostedLinux
Windows
All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infoJSON typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesno
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like query languageyesSQL-like query language, no joins
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresPSQLJavaScriptTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) JavaJava, Javascript
TriggersyesJavaScriptyesHooks
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*nono infocould be achieved with distributed queries
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyes inforelationship in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

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More resources
FirebirdMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBMicrosoft SQL ServerOrientDB
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