DBMS > Firebird vs. Immudb vs. Linter vs. Snowflake vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison Firebird vs. Immudb vs. Linter vs. Snowflake vs. SQLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Firebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBase

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

RDBMS for high security requirements

Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	20.50
Rank	#30	Overall
	#18	Relational DBMS

Score	0.31
Rank	#295	Overall
	#42	Key-value stores

Score	0.12
Rank	#350	Overall
	#152	Relational DBMS

Score	130.36
Rank	#8	Overall
	#5	Relational DBMS

Score	111.41
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Website

www.firebirdsql.org

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

linter.ru

www.snowflake.com

www.sqlite.org

Technical documentation

www.firebirdsql.org/en/reference-manuals

docs.immudb.io

docs.snowflake.net/manuals/index.html

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

Developer

Firebird Foundation

Codenotary

relex.ru

Snowflake Computing Inc.

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Initial release

2000

As fork of Borland's InterBase

2020

1990

2014

2000

Current release

5.0.0, January 2024

1.2.3, April 2022

3.46.0 (23 May 2024), May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Initial Developer's Public License

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Public Domain

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C and C++

Server operating systems

AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less

Firebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

AIX
Android
BSD
HP Open VMS
iOS
Linux
OS X
VxWorks
Windows

hosted

server-less

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

support of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)

yes

dynamic column types

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like syntax

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC

Jaybird
ODBC
OLE DB

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

ADO.NET
JDBC
LINQ
ODBC
OLE DB
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C
C#
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Ruby
Tcl

JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

PSQL

yes

proprietary syntax with the possibility to convert from PL/SQL

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

similar concept for controling cloud resources

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

yes

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

yes

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Features a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writers

yes

via file-system locks

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

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