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DBMS > Firebird vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Firebird vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Stardog

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Cloudant  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseDatabase as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDBDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score20.82
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score2.68
Rank#106  Overall
#20  Document stores
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitewww.firebirdsql.orgwww.ibm.com/­products/­cloudantazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.stardog.com
Technical documentationwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualscloud.ibm.com/­docs/­Cloudantdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.stardog.com
DeveloperFirebird FoundationIBM, Apache Software Foundation infoIBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014MicrosoftStardog-Union
Initial release2000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase201020102010
Current release5.0.0, January 2024V127.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoInitial Developer's Public Licensecommercialcommercialcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC and C++ErlangC++Java
Server operating systemsAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
hostedhostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyesYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresPSQLView functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScriptTransact SQLuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersyesyesyesyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes, with always 3 replicas availableMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoatomic operations within a document possibleACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyes infoOptimistic lockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptAccess rights for users can be defined per databasefine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
FirebirdIBM CloudantMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureStardog
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