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DBMS > Firebird vs. HBase vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Solr vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Firebird vs. HBase vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Solr vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonHBase  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Cloudant  Xexclude from comparisonSolr  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseWide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTableDatabase as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDBA widely used distributed, scalable search engine based on Apache LuceneVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeDocument storeSearch engineDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score20.50
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score27.97
Rank#26  Overall
#2  Wide column stores
Score2.75
Rank#104  Overall
#19  Document stores
Score41.02
Rank#24  Overall
#3  Search engines
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitewww.firebirdsql.orghbase.apache.orgwww.ibm.com/­products/­cloudantsolr.apache.orgvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualshbase.apache.org/­book.htmlcloud.ibm.com/­docs/­Cloudantsolr.apache.org/­resources.htmldocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperFirebird FoundationApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by PowersetIBM, Apache Software Foundation infoIBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014Apache Software FoundationOpenLink Software
Initial release2000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase2008201020061998
Current release5.0.0, January 20242.3.4, January 20219.6.1, May 20247.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoInitial Developer's Public LicenseOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC and C++JavaErlangJavaC
Server operating systemsAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Unix
Windows infousing Cygwin
hostedAll OS with a Java VM inforuns as a servlet in servlet container (e.g. Tomcat, Jetty is included)AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free, schema definition possibleschema-freeyes infoDynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fieldsyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesoptions to bring your own types, AVROnoyes infosupports customizable data types and automatic typingyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyes
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnonoSolr Parallel SQL Interfaceyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
.Net
Erlang
Java
JavaScript
any language that supports sockets and either XML or JSON
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresPSQLyes infoCoprocessors in JavaView functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScriptJava pluginsyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersyesyesyesyes infoUser configurable commands triggered on index changesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingShardingyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
yesChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesyesspark-solr: github.com/­lucidworks/­spark-solr and streaming expressions to reduceyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDSingle row ACID (across millions of columns)no infoatomic operations within a document possibleoptimistic lockingACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyesyes infoOptimistic lockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptAccess Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABACAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseyesFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
FirebirdHBaseIBM CloudantSolrVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
FirebirdHBaseIBM CloudantSolrVirtuoso
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