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DBMS > Firebird vs. GraphDB vs. Microsoft Access vs. Neo4j vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison Firebird vs. GraphDB vs. Microsoft Access vs. Neo4j vs. TypeDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Access  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Microsoft Access combines a backend RDBMS (JET / ACE Engine) with a GUI frontend for data manipulation and queries. infoThe Access frontend is often used for accessing other datasources (DBMS, Excel, etc.)Scalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsTypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSGraph DBMSGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score20.50
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#91  Overall
#7  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score101.16
Rank#11  Overall
#8  Relational DBMS
Score44.89
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score0.70
Rank#230  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#106  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.firebirdsql.orgwww.ontotext.comwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­microsoft-365/­accessneo4j.comtypedb.com
Technical documentationwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualsgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationdeveloper.microsoft.com/­en-us/­accessneo4j.com/­docstypedb.com/­docs
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperFirebird FoundationOntotextMicrosoftNeo4j, Inc.Vaticle
Initial release2000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase2000199220072016
Current release5.0.0, January 202410.4, October 20231902 (16.0.11328.20222), March 20195.20, May 20242.26.3, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoInitial Developer's Public Licensecommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedcommercial infoBundled with Microsoft OfficeOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageC and C++JavaC++Java, ScalaJava
Server operating systemsAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
Windows infoNot a real database server, but making use of DLLsLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyesschema-free and schema-optionalyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono
Secondary indexesyesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesstored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCyes infobut not compliant to any SQL standardnono
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
ADO.NET
DAO
ODBC
OLE DB
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
VBA
Visual Basic.NET
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresPSQLwell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsno
Triggersyesnoyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineyes infovia event handlerno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenoneyes using Neo4j FabricSharding infoby using Cassandra
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationMulti-source replicationnoneCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyMulti-source replication infoby using Cassandra
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Causal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoConstraint checkingyesyes infoRelationships in graphsno infosubstituted by the relationship feature
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infobut no files for transaction loggingACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infobut no files for transaction loggingyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.no infoa simple user-level security was built in till version Access 2003Users, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)yes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progress
More information provided by the system vendor
FirebirdGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMMicrosoft AccessNeo4jTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
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Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
TypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
TypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Life sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
Apache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
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