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DBMS > Firebird vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Heroic vs. Kyligence Enterprise vs. LevelDB

System Properties Comparison Firebird vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Heroic vs. Kyligence Enterprise vs. LevelDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHeroic  Xexclude from comparisonKyligence Enterprise  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Time Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearchA distributed analytics engine for big data, built on top of Apache KylinEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score20.82
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score0.51
Rank#255  Overall
#21  Time Series DBMS
Score0.40
Rank#269  Overall
#124  Relational DBMS
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Websitewww.firebirdsql.orgcloud.google.com/­spannergithub.com/­spotify/­heroickyligence.io/­kyligence-enterprisegithub.com/­google/­leveldb
Technical documentationwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualscloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsspotify.github.io/­heroicgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.md
DeveloperFirebird FoundationGoogleSpotifyKyligence, Inc.Google
Initial release2000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase2017201420162011
Current release5.0.0, January 20241.23, February 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoInitial Developer's Public LicensecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC and C++JavaJavaC++
Server operating systemsAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
hostedLinuxIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infovia Elasticsearchyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noANSI SQL for queries (using Apache Calcite)no
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresPSQLnonono
Triggersyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yesnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)no

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More resources
FirebirdGoogle Cloud SpannerHeroicKyligence EnterpriseLevelDB
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