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DBMS > Firebird vs. GBase vs. HugeGraph vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

System Properties Comparison Firebird vs. GBase vs. HugeGraph vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonGBase  Xexclude from comparisonHugeGraph  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseWidely used RDBMS in China, including analytical, transactional, distributed transactional, and cloud-native data warehousing.A fast-speed and highly-scalable Graph DBMSFully managed big data interactive analytics platformDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score20.82
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score1.07
Rank#185  Overall
#86  Relational DBMS
Score0.13
Rank#336  Overall
#32  Graph DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.firebirdsql.orgwww.gbase.cngithub.com/­hugegraph
hugegraph.apache.org
azure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­database
Technical documentationwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualshugegraph.apache.org/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sql
DeveloperFirebird FoundationGeneral Data Technology Co., Ltd.BaiduMicrosoftMicrosoft
Initial release2000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase2004201820192010
Current release5.0.0, January 2024GBase 8a, GBase 8s, GBase 8c0.9cloud service with continuous releasesV12
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoInitial Developer's Public LicensecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC and C++C, Java, PythonJavaC++
Server operating systemsAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
LinuxLinux
macOS
Unix
hostedhosted
Data schemeyesyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyesyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoalso supports composite index and range indexall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesStandard with numerous extensionsnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET
C API
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
TinkerPop Gremlin
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#Groovy
Java
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresPSQLuser defined functionsasynchronous Gremlin script jobsYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RTransact SQL
Triggersyesyesnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioningyes infodepending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBaseSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationyesyes infodepending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBaseyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes, with always 3 replicas available
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnovia hugegraph-sparkSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyes infoedges in graphnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptyesUsers, roles and permissionsAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
FirebirdGBaseHugeGraphMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure
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