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DBMS > Firebird vs. FoundationDB vs. InterSystems IRIS vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Firebird vs. FoundationDB vs. InterSystems IRIS vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonInterSystems IRIS  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.A containerised multi-model DBMS, interoperability and analytics data platform with wide capabilities for vertical and horizontal scalabilityMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Document store
Key-value store
Object oriented DBMS
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score20.82
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score4.05
Rank#83  Overall
#14  Document stores
#10  Key-value stores
#1  Object oriented DBMS
#45  Relational DBMS
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitewww.firebirdsql.orggithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.intersystems.com/­products/­intersystems-iriswww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualsapple.github.io/­foundationdbdocs.intersystems.com/­irislatest/­csp/­docbook/­DocBook.UI.Page.clslearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.stardog.com
DeveloperFirebird FoundationFoundationDBInterSystemsMicrosoftStardog-Union
Initial release2000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase2013201819892010
Current release5.0.0, January 20246.2.28, November 20202023.3, June 2023SQL Server 2022, November 20227.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoInitial Developer's Public LicenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC and C++C++C++Java
Server operating systemsAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
Linux
macOS
Ubuntu
Windows
Linux
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasdepending on used data modelyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesno infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLyessupported in specific SQL layer onlyyesyesYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresPSQLin SQL-layer onlyyesTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javauser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersyesnoyesyesyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationyesSource-replica replicationyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesin SQL-layer onlyyesyesyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptnoyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
FirebirdFoundationDBInterSystems IRISMicrosoft SQL ServerStardog
Specific characteristicsInterSystems IRIS is a complete cloud-first data platform which includes a multi-model...
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More resources
FirebirdFoundationDBInterSystems IRISMicrosoft SQL ServerStardog
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