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DBMS > etcd vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP HANA vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison etcd vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP HANA vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Nameetcd  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSAP HANA  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionA distributed reliable key-value storeCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLIn-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud serviceTransactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelKey-value storeDocument storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score7.03
Rank#54  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score13.64
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score44.27
Rank#23  Overall
#16  Relational DBMS
Websiteetcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
firebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasewww.postgresql.orgwww.sap.com/­products/­hana.htmltrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationetcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
firebase.google.com/­docs/­databasewww.postgresql.org/­docshelp.sap.com/­hanatrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
DeveloperGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSAPApache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release20121989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20102014
Current release3.4, August 201916.3, May 20242.0 SPS07 (AprilĀ 4, 2023), April 20232.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono infoalso available as a cloud based serviceno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoCC++, Java
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
hostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Appliance or cloud-serviceLinux
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyesyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC
JSON over HTTP
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnolimited functionality with using 'rules'user defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.SQLScript, RJava Stored Procedures
Triggersyes, watching key changesCallbacks are triggered when data changesyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodespartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashyesSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesyes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoyesACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnoyes, based on authentication and database rulesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
etcdFirebase Realtime DatabasePostgreSQLSAP HANATrafodion
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