DBMS > Firebase Realtime Database vs. MongoDB vs. Postgres-XL vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP Adaptive Server
System Properties Comparison Firebase Realtime Database vs. MongoDB vs. Postgres-XL vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP Adaptive Server
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| Name | Firebase Realtime Database Xexclude from comparison | MongoDB Xexclude from comparison | Postgres-XL Xexclude from comparison | PostgreSQL Xexclude from comparison | SAP Adaptive Server  former name: Sybase ASE Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description | Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data. | One of the most popular document stores available both as a fully managed cloud service and for deployment on self-managed infrastructure | Based on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features | Widely used open source RDBMS Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL | The SAP (Sybase) Adaptive Server Enterprise (ASE) is an enterprise-class RDBMS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary database model | Document store | Document store | Relational DBMS | Relational DBMS with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module. | Relational DBMS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary database models | Spatial DBMS Search engine integrated Lucene index, currently in MongoDB Atlas only.Time Series DBMS Time Series Collections introduced in Release 5.0Vector DBMS currently available in the MongoDB Atlas cloud service only | Document store Spatial DBMS | Document store Graph DBMS with Apache AgeSpatial DBMS Vector DBMS with pgvector extension | Spatial DBMS with Boeing's Spatial Query Server | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Website | firebase.google.com/products/realtime-database | www.mongodb.com | www.postgres-xl.org | www.postgresql.org | www.sap.com/products/technology-platform/sybase-ase.html | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technical documentation | firebase.google.com/docs/database | www.mongodb.com/docs/manual | www.postgres-xl.org/documentation | www.postgresql.org/docs | help.sap.com/docs/SAP_ASE | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Developer | Google acquired by Google 2014 | MongoDB, Inc | PostgreSQL Global Development Group www.postgresql.org/developer | SAP, Sybase | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Initial release | 2012 | 2009 | 2014 since 2012, originally named StormDB | 1989 1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL | 1987 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current release | 6.0.7, June 2023 | 10 R1, October 2018 | 16.3, May 2024 | 16.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| License Commercial or Open Source | commercial | Open Source MongoDB Inc.'s Server Side Public License v1. Prior versions were published under GNU AGPL v3.0. Commercial licenses are also available. | Open Source Mozilla public license | Open Source BSD | commercial | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | yes | no MongoDB available as DBaaS (MongoDB Atlas) | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Implementation language | C++ | C | C | C and C++ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server operating systems | hosted | Linux OS X Solaris Windows | Linux macOS | FreeBSD HP-UX Linux NetBSD OpenBSD OS X Solaris Unix Windows | AIX HP-UX Linux Solaris Unix Windows | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Data scheme | schema-free | schema-free Although schema-free, documents of the same collection often follow the same structure. Optionally impose all or part of a schema by defining a JSON schema. | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typing predefined data types such as float or date | yes | yes string, integer, double, decimal, boolean, date, object_id, geospatial | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | no | yes XML type, but no XML query functionality | yes specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality. | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary indexes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SQL Support of SQL | no | Read-only SQL queries via the MongoDB Atlas SQL Interface | yes distributed, parallel query execution | yes standard with numerous extensions | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| APIs and other access methods | Android iOS JavaScript API RESTful HTTP API | GraphQL HTTP REST Prisma proprietary protocol using JSON | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | ADO.NET JDBC ODBC OLE DB Tabular Data Stream (TDS) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Supported programming languages | Java JavaScript Objective-C | Actionscript unofficial driver C C# C++ Clojure unofficial driverColdFusion unofficial driverD unofficial driverDart unofficial driverDelphi unofficial driverErlang Go Groovy unofficial driverHaskell Java JavaScript Kotlin Lisp unofficial driverLua unofficial driverMatLab unofficial driverPerl PHP PowerShell unofficial driverProlog unofficial driverPython R unofficial driverRuby Rust Scala Smalltalk unofficial driverSwift | .Net C C++ Delphi Erlang Java JavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl | .Net C C++ Delphi Java JDBCJavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl | C C++ Cobol Java Java Perl PHP Python | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server-side scripts Stored procedures | limited functionality with using 'rules' | JavaScript | user defined functions | user defined functions realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc. | Java and Transact-SQL | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Triggers | Callbacks are triggered when data changes | yes in MongoDB Atlas only | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | Sharding Partitioned by hashed, ranged, or zoned sharding keys. Live resharding allows users to change their shard keys as an online operation with zero downtime. | horizontal partitioning | partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash | horizontal partitioning | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | Multi-Source deployments with MongoDB Atlas Global Clusters Source-replica replication | Source-replica replication other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions | Multi-source replication Source-replica replication | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | no | yes | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Eventual Consistency if the client is offline Immediate Consistency if the client is online | Eventual Consistency can be individually decided for each read operation Immediate Consistency default behaviour | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign keys Referential integrity | no | no typically not used, however similar functionality with DBRef possible | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | yes | Multi-document ACID Transactions with snapshot isolation | ACID MVCC | ACID | ACID | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | yes optional, enabled by default | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | yes In-memory storage engine introduced with MongoDB version 3.2 | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| User concepts Access control | yes, based on authentication and database rules | Access rights for users and roles | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| More information provided by the system vendor | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Firebase Realtime Database | MongoDB | Postgres-XL | PostgreSQL | SAP Adaptive Server former name: Sybase ASE | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Specific characteristics | MongoDB provides an integrated suite of cloud database and data services to accelerate... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Competitive advantages | Built around the flexible document data model and unified API, MongoDB is a developer... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typical application scenarios | AI-enriched intelligent apps (Continental, Telefonica, Iron Mountain) Internet of... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Key customers | ADP, Adobe, Amadeus, AstraZeneca, Auto Trader, Barclays, BBVA, Bosch, Cisco, CERN,... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Market metrics | Hundreds of millions downloads, over 150,000+ Atlas clusters provisioned every month... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Licensing and pricing models | MongoDB database server: Server-Side Public License (SSPL) . Commercial licenses... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Firebase Realtime Database | MongoDB | Postgres-XL | PostgreSQL | SAP Adaptive Server former name: Sybase ASE | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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