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DBMS > Firebase Realtime Database vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OceanBase

System Properties Comparison Firebase Realtime Database vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OceanBase

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonOceanBase  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA distributed, high available RDBMS compatible with Oracle and MySQL
Primary database modelDocument storeKey-value storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.60
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score2.33
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score3.28
Rank#83  Overall
#45  Relational DBMS
Score1.97
Rank#119  Overall
#58  Relational DBMS
Websitefirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasegithub.com/­google/­leveldbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-exploreren.oceanbase.com
Technical documentationfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasegithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-exploreren.oceanbase.com/­docs/­oceanbase-database
DeveloperGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014GoogleMicrosoftOceanBase infopreviously Alibaba and Ant Group
Initial release2012201120192010
Current release1.23, February 2021cloud service with continuous releases4.3.0, April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoCommercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++
Server operating systemshostedIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyes
Secondary indexesyesnoall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes
APIs and other access methodsAndroid
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Proprietary native API
Table API
Supported programming languagesJava
JavaScript
Objective-C
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Ada infoin MySQL-compatible model
C infoin Oracle- and MySQL- compatible models
C++ infoin Oracle- and MySQL- compatible models
D infoin MySQL-compatible model
Delphi infoin MySQL-compatible model
Eiffel infoin MySQL-compatible model
Erlang infoin MySQL-compatible model
Haskell infoin MySQL-compatible model
Java infoin Oracle- and MySQL- compatible models
JavaScript (Node.js) infoin MySQL-compatible model
Objective-C infoin MySQL-compatible model
OCaml infoin MySQL-compatible model
Perl infoin MySQL-compatible model
PHP infoin MySQL-compatible model
Python infoin MySQL-compatible model
Ruby infoin MySQL-compatible model
Scheme infoin MySQL-compatible model
Tcl infoin MySQL-compatible model
Server-side scripts infoStored procedureslimited functionality with using 'rules'noYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RPL/SQL in oracle-compatible mode, MySQL Stored Procedure in mysql-compatible mode
TriggersCallbacks are triggered when data changesnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioning (by hash, key, range, range columns, list, and list columns)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication using Paxos
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayesnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlyes, based on authentication and database rulesnoAzure Active Directory AuthenticationAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Firebase Realtime DatabaseLevelDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerOceanBase
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