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DBMS > Firebase Realtime Database vs. Kdb vs. LokiJS vs. MariaDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison Firebase Realtime Database vs. Kdb vs. LokiJS vs. MariaDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonKdb  Xexclude from comparisonLokiJS  Xexclude from comparisonMariaDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.High performance Time Series DBMSIn-memory JavaScript DBMSMySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelDocument storeTime Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS
Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.64
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score7.71
Rank#49  Overall
#2  Time Series DBMS
#1  Vector DBMS
Score0.49
Rank#260  Overall
#42  Document stores
Score91.04
Rank#13  Overall
#9  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Websitefirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasekx.comgithub.com/­techfort/­LokiJSmariadb.com infoSite of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org infoSite of MariaDB Foundation
azure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasecode.kx.comtechfort.github.io/­LokiJSmariadb.com/­kb/­en/­librarydocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014Kx Systems, a division of First Derivatives plcMariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server) infoThe lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL
Microsoft
Initial release20122000 infokdb was released 2000, kdb+ in 200320142009 infoFork of MySQL, which was first released in 19952019
Current release3.6, May 201811.3.2, February 2024cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infofree 32-bit versionOpen SourceOpen Source infoGPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
STACKIT MariaDB offers MariaDB in a fully managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageqJavaScriptC and C++
Server operating systemshostedLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)FreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows infoColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows
hosted
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeyes infoDynamic columns are supportedFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnoyesyes
Secondary indexesyesyes infotable attribute 'grouped'yes infovia viewsyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query language (q)noyes infowith proprietary extensionsKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsAndroid
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP API
JDBC
Jupyter
Kafka
ODBC
WebSocket
JavaScript APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesJava
JavaScript
Objective-C
C
C#
C++
Go
J
Java
JavaScript
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Scala
JavaScriptAda
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored procedureslimited functionality with using 'rules'user defined functionsView functions in JavaScriptyes infoPL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
TriggersCallbacks are triggered when data changesyes infowith viewsyesyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioningnoneseveral options for horizontal partitioning and ShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationnoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnono infosimilar paradigm used for internal processingyesnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyes infonot for MyISAM storage engineno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayesnono infoatomic operations within a single collection possibleACID infonot for MyISAM storage engineno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoSerialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.yes infonot for in-memory storage engineyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes infowith MEMORY storage engineno
User concepts infoAccess controlyes, based on authentication and database rulesrights management via user accountsnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authentication
More information provided by the system vendor
Firebase Realtime DatabaseKdbLokiJSMariaDBMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
Specific characteristicsIntegrated columnar database & programming system for streaming, real time and historical...
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MariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON...
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Competitive advantagesprovides seamless scalability; runs on industry standard server platforms; is top-ranked...
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MariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases....
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Typical application scenariostick database streaming sensor data massive intelligence applications oil and gas...
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Web, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
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Key customersGoldman Sachs Morgan Stanley Merrill Lynch J.P. Morgan Deutsche Bank IEX Securities...
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Deutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
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Market metricskdb+ performance and reliability proven by our customers in critical infrastructure...
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MariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsupon request
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MariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,...
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More resources
Firebase Realtime DatabaseKdbLokiJSMariaDBMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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