DBMS > Firebase Realtime Database vs. Hazelcast vs. LevelDB vs. MongoDB vs. Postgres-XL

System Properties Comparison Firebase Realtime Database vs. Hazelcast vs. LevelDB vs. MongoDB vs. Postgres-XL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.

A widely adopted in-memory data grid

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

One of the most popular document stores available both as a fully managed cloud service and for deployment on self-managed infrastructure

Based on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store

JSON support with IMDG 3.12

Spatial DBMS
Search engine

integrated Lucene index, currently in MongoDB Atlas only.
Time Series DBMS

Time Series Collections introduced in Release 5.0
Vector DBMS

currently available in the MongoDB Atlas cloud service only

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	14.29
Rank	#39	Overall
	#6	Document stores

Score	5.97
Rank	#57	Overall
	#6	Key-value stores

Score	2.35
Rank	#111	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	421.65
Rank	#5	Overall
	#1	Document stores

Score	0.49
Rank	#256	Overall
	#117	Relational DBMS

Website

firebase.google.com/products/realtime-database

hazelcast.com

github.com/google/leveldb

www.mongodb.com

www.postgres-xl.org

Technical documentation

firebase.google.com/docs/database

hazelcast.org/imdg/docs

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

www.mongodb.com/docs/manual

www.postgres-xl.org/documentation

Developer

Google

acquired by Google 2014

Hazelcast

Google

MongoDB, Inc

Initial release

2012

2008

2011

2009

2014

since 2012, originally named StormDB

Current release

5.3.6, November 2023

1.23, February 2021

6.0.7, June 2023

10 R1, October 2018

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2; commercial licenses available

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

MongoDB Inc.'s Server Side Public License v1. Prior versions were published under GNU AGPL v3.0. Commercial licenses are also available.

Open Source

Mozilla public license

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

MongoDB available as DBaaS (MongoDB Atlas)

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux
macOS

Data scheme

schema-free

Although schema-free, documents of the same collection often follow the same structure. Optionally impose all or part of a schema by defining a JSON schema.

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, decimal, boolean, date, object_id, geospatial

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

the object must implement a serialization strategy

yes

XML type, but no XML query functionality

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

Read-only SQL queries via the MongoDB Atlas SQL Interface

yes

distributed, parallel query execution

APIs and other access methods

Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API

JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API

GraphQL
HTTP REST
Prisma
proprietary protocol using JSON

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

Supported programming languages

Java
JavaScript
Objective-C

.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

Actionscript

unofficial driver
C
C#
C++
Clojure

unofficial driver
ColdFusion

unofficial driver
D

unofficial driver
Dart

unofficial driver
Delphi

unofficial driver
Erlang
Go
Groovy

unofficial driver
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Kotlin
Lisp

unofficial driver
Lua

unofficial driver
MatLab

unofficial driver
Perl
PHP
PowerShell

unofficial driver
Prolog

unofficial driver
Python
R

unofficial driver
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Smalltalk

unofficial driver
Swift

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

limited functionality with using 'rules'

yes

Event Listeners, Executor Services

JavaScript

user defined functions

Triggers

Callbacks are triggered when data changes

yes

Events

yes

in MongoDB Atlas only

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

Partitioned by hashed, ranged, or zoned sharding keys. Live resharding allows users to change their shard keys as an online operation with zero downtime.

horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Replicated Map

none

Multi-Source deployments with MongoDB Atlas Global Clusters
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

if the client is offline
Immediate Consistency

if the client is online

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user

Raft Consensus Algorithm

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

can be individually decided for each read operation
Immediate Consistency

default behaviour

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

typically not used, however similar functionality with DBRef possible

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes

one or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commited

Multi-document ACID Transactions with snapshot isolation

ACID

MVCC

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

optional, enabled by default

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

In-memory storage engine introduced with MongoDB version 3.2

User concepts

Access control

yes, based on authentication and database rules

Role-based access control

Access rights for users and roles

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

MongoDB provides an integrated suite of cloud database and data services to accelerate...
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Competitive advantages

Built around the flexible document data model and unified API, MongoDB is a developer...
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Typical application scenarios

AI-enriched intelligent apps (Continental, Telefonica, Iron Mountain) Internet of...
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Key customers

ADP, Adobe, Amadeus, AstraZeneca, Auto Trader, Barclays, BBVA, Bosch, Cisco, CERN,...
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Market metrics

Hundreds of millions downloads, over 150,000+ Atlas clusters provisioned every month...
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Licensing and pricing models

MongoDB database server: Server-Side Public License (SSPL) . Commercial licenses...
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