DBMS > etcd vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. HBase vs. Heroic vs. RocksDB

System Properties Comparison etcd vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. HBase vs. Heroic vs. RocksDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.

Wide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTable

Time Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearch

Embeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	7.64
Rank	#54	Overall
	#5	Key-value stores

Score	15.00
Rank	#39	Overall
	#6	Document stores

Score	31.25
Rank	#26	Overall
	#2	Wide column stores

Score	0.57
Rank	#250	Overall
	#21	Time Series DBMS

Score	4.00
Rank	#84	Overall
	#11	Key-value stores

Website

etcd.io
github.com/etcd-io/etcd

firebase.google.com/products/realtime-database

hbase.apache.org

github.com/spotify/heroic

rocksdb.org

Technical documentation

etcd.io/docs
github.com/etcd-io/etcd/tree/master/Documentation

firebase.google.com/docs/database

hbase.apache.org/book.html

spotify.github.io/heroic

github.com/facebook/rocksdb/wiki

Developer

Google

acquired by Google 2014

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Powerset

Spotify

Facebook, Inc.

Initial release

2012

2008

2014

2013

Current release

3.4, August 2019

2.3.4, January 2021

8.11.4, April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

BSD

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

FreeBSD
Linux
Windows

experimental

hosted

Linux
Unix
Windows

using Cygwin

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

schema-free, schema definition possible

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

options to bring your own types, AVRO

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

via Elasticsearch

SQL

Support of SQL

APIs and other access methods

gRPC
JSON over HTTP

Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift

HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API

C++ API
Java API

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl

Java
JavaScript
Objective-C

C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

limited functionality with using 'rules'

yes

Coprocessors in Java

Triggers

yes, watching key changes

Callbacks are triggered when data changes

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

if the client is offline
Immediate Consistency

if the client is online

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes

Single row ACID (across millions of columns)

yes

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

yes, based on authentication and database rules

Access Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC

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