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DBMS > Firebase Realtime Database vs. H2 vs. HyperSQL vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Realm

System Properties Comparison Firebase Realtime Database vs. H2 vs. HyperSQL vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Realm

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerA DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data
Primary database modelDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.64
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score3.23
Rank#93  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
Score76.78
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score7.41
Rank#52  Overall
#8  Document stores
Websitefirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasewww.h2database.comhsqldb.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databaserealm.io
Technical documentationfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasewww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlrealm.io/­docs
DeveloperGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014Thomas MuellerMicrosoftRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019
Initial release20122005200120102014
Current release2.2.220, July 20232.7.2, June 2023V12
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infobased on BSD licensecommercialOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC++
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modeshostedAndroid
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesyesyesno
APIs and other access methodsAndroid
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesJava
JavaScript
Objective-C
JavaAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
Server-side scripts infoStored procedureslimited functionality with using 'rules'Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsJava, SQLTransact SQLno inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary
TriggersCallbacks are triggered when data changesyesyesyesyes infoChange Listeners
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databasenoneyes, with always 3 replicas availablenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayesACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes infoIn-Memory realm
User concepts infoAccess controlyes, based on authentication and database rulesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes

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More resources
Firebase Realtime DatabaseH2HyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureRealm
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