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DBMS > Firebase Realtime Database vs. H2 vs. HyperSQL vs. Microsoft Access vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

System Properties Comparison Firebase Realtime Database vs. H2 vs. HyperSQL vs. Microsoft Access vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Access  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBMicrosoft Access combines a backend RDBMS (JET / ACE Engine) with a GUI frontend for data manipulation and queries. infoThe Access frontend is often used for accessing other datasources (DBMS, Excel, etc.)Widely used in-process key-value store
Primary database modelDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.64
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score3.23
Rank#93  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
Score101.16
Rank#11  Overall
#8  Relational DBMS
Score2.01
Rank#126  Overall
#21  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Websitefirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasewww.h2database.comhsqldb.orgwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­microsoft-365/­accesswww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.html
Technical documentationfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasewww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmldeveloper.microsoft.com/­en-us/­accessdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.html
DeveloperGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014Thomas MuellerMicrosoftOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle
Initial release20122005200119921994
Current release2.2.220, July 20232.7.2, June 20231902 (16.0.11328.20222), March 201918.1.40, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infobased on BSD licensecommercial infoBundled with Microsoft OfficeOpen Source infocommercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaC++C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesWindows infoNot a real database server, but making use of DLLsAIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML edition
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesyesyes infobut not compliant to any SQL standardyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is available
APIs and other access methodsAndroid
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
DAO
ODBC
OLE DB
Supported programming languagesJava
JavaScript
Objective-C
JavaAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
VBA
Visual Basic.NET
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored procedureslimited functionality with using 'rules'Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsJava, SQLyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineno
TriggersCallbacks are triggered when data changesyesyesyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineyes infoonly for the SQL API
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databasenonenoneSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayesACIDACIDACID infobut no files for transaction loggingACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infobut no files for transaction loggingyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlyes, based on authentication and database rulesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno infoa simple user-level security was built in till version Access 2003no

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More resources
Firebase Realtime DatabaseH2HyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBMicrosoft AccessOracle Berkeley DB
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